SURFACE URBAN HEAT ISLAND (SUHI) PHENOMENON IN BALI AND LOMBOK TOURISM AREAS BASED ON REMOTE SENSING

Abstract

Bali island has become a pioneer destination for the best tourist destinations in Indonesia, even in the world. Furthermore, the island of Lombok also has interesting tourist destinations that can attract tourist visits. This increase in tourist visits and urbanization has caused the rapid growth of built-up land in urban and tourism areas in parts of these two islands. The high density of built-up land causes solar energy to be stored longer and trapped on the earth's surface. Thus, causing urban areas to be warmer than rural areas, known as Surface Urban Heat Islands (SUHI). SUHI can be detected using remote sensing imagery of the thermal system. This study uses Terra MODIS imagery to detect SUHI by extracting LST pixel values and vegetation indices (NDVI and EVI) from 2001 to 2019. Analysis of remote sensing data was carried out on a cloud computing application, Google Earth Engine (GEE). The SUHI phenomenon is analyzed through the difference between the LST values in tourism and rural areas in a spatiotemporal manner. MODIS LST data validation was carried out using the results of LST analysis on Landsat 8 OLI and TIRS images. The results showed that the SUHI phenomenon actually occurred on these two islands, with a temperature ratio between rural and urban areas of 7°C. Another finding was that there was an increase in temperature in tourism and urban areas by 0.1°C, while in rural areas it was 0.06°C every year.