Surface Stabilization of Ni-Rich Layered Cathode Materials via Surface Engineering with LiTaO3 for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Abstract

Recently, Ni-rich layered cathode materials have become the most common material used for lithium-ion batteries. From a structural viewpoint, it is crucial to stabilize the surface structures of such materials, as they are prone to undesirable side reactions and particle cracking in which intergranular microcracks form at the particle surfaces and then propagate inside. As a simplified engineering technique for obtaining Ni-rich cathode materials with high reversibility and long-term cycling stability, we propose a facile surface coating of piezoelectric LiTaO3 onto a Ni-rich cathode material to enhance the charge transfer reaction and surface structural integrity. Based on theoretical and experimental investigation, we demonstrate that this surface protection approach is effective at enhancing the reversibility and mechanical strength of Ni-rich cathode materials, leading to a stable cycle performance at up to 150 cycles, even at 60 °C. Furthermore, the piezoelectric characteristics of the surface LiTaO3 can enhance the rate capability of Ni-rich cathode materials at current densities of up to 2.0C. The results of this study provide a practical insight on the development of Ni-rich cathode materials for practical use in electric vehicle applications.