Abstract
Silica sol-gel films (SGFs) doped with various transition metalsderived by spin-coating on glass substrates and silicon wafers have beenstudied. Precursor solutions were prepared by mixing tetraethylorthosilicate,ethanol, water and nitrates of the transition metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni andCu) using HCl as a catalyst. Remarkable segregation of metals at the surfacewas observed for films doped with Cu and Co. For Mn- and Ni-doped films thiseffect was much less, and it vanished for the films doped with Cr or Fe. Theinfluence of boron and phosphorus upon the chemical state and the distributionof metal atoms was also analysed. The structure, optical properties andcomposition of the SGFs were studied and some pathways to control the dopantsegregation effect were realized.
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