Surface scattering of x rays in thin films. Part II. Experiments on thin soap films

Abstract

The diffuse scattering of x rays by black-soap films has been investigated. The results were analyzed using a treatment of surface scattering developed in a companion paper. We show that the fluctuations of the surfaces limiting the film are correlated at wavelengths on the order of 100 nm. The results are consistent with the Derjagin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory when applicable. Reflectivity results have been reinterpreted within this frame, showing that the Newton black film can be seen as a single fluctuating membrane.