Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the common biodegradable polymers utilised as therapeutic drug vehicles in drug delivery system (DDS). PLA has several desired properties for drug delivery including biocompatible, biodegradable and good mechanical properties. However, the poor hydrophilicity of PLA leads to low cell adhesion, disruption in the human body and causing inflammatory to the biological environment. Hence, the modification of PLA bulk and surface properties has become crucial to increase its potential. This research investigated the effect of surface modification with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at different concentrations on the PLA microspheres properties which loaded with gentamicin at different loadings (0.25 ml, 0.5 ml, and 1 ml). The average size of the microspheres obtained was in the range of 1 µm to 50 µm; within the range of acceptable size in the parenteral injection. Confirmation of increased hydrophilicity has been evaluated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and contact angle. Gentamicin was encapsulated within PLA microspheres and the PLA microspheres obtained the highest encapsulation efficiency (42%) for the highest volume drug loaded. Morphological changes of modified PLA microspheres have been confirmed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging.
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