Abstract
Electron-beam irradiation has been used to sinter nanocrystalline metals. Since the surface structure and its transitions control the migration behavior of surfaces, understanding surface structural transitions under electron-beam irradiation is an essential factor in the development of nanoscale sintering, such a study that, regrettably, has been missing. To elucidate the possibility of surface structural transitions, thin Au (1 0 0) and (1 1 0) surface specimens were irradiated at various current densities at an acceleration voltage of 300 keV by transmission electron microscopy. At a low current density, nanometer polygonal holes, which were composed of atomically sharp facets, were formed in both surfaces. At a higher current density, the holes became filled and, simultaneously, some of the facet surfaces of the holes were roughened. This surface structural transition with varying current density acted as the origin of the variation in hole behavior.
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