Abstract
The surface potential of charged colloidal particles is calculated for the case where they are suspended in an electrolyte solution containing zwitterions of concentration C z as well as univalent pointlike ions of concentration C 1. A zwitterion is regarded as a rod of length a carrying two charges + e and − e ( e is the elementary electric charge) at its ends. Equations determining the surface potential are derived which are based on the theory of Carnie and McLaughlin ( Biophys. J. 44 (1983) 325) on the effects of large divalent cations on the particle surface potential. It is found that when κ a « 1, zwitterions behave as neutral species and when κ a å 1, they behave like univalent electrolytes of concentration C z/2 (not C z), where κ is the Debye-Hückel parameter at zero zwitterionic concentration. Approximate expressions for the surface potential as a function of σ (the surface charge density of the particles), C 1, C z, and a are derived.
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