Surface plasmon polaritons on thin-slab metal gratings

Abstract

In a recently published paper [U. Schr\"oter and D. Heitmann, Phys. Rev. B 60, 4992 (1999)] an unexpected result occurred when light was incident upon a periodically corrugated thin metal film when the corrugations on the two interfaces were identical and in phase with each other. It was observed that it was not possible to excite the surface plasmon polariton on the metal surface facing away from the incoming light, and they ascribed this to the lack of a thickness variation within the metal. In this paper a somewhat different interpretation of their results is presented, which shows that the surface plasmon polariton (SSP) is in fact very weakly excited on the transmission side of such structures. It is explained why this coupling is so weak in terms of the cancellation of the evanescent diffracted orders from the two diffractive surfaces and how, by changing the phase between the grating on either surface, this coupling becomes much stronger. An explanation for the observation that SPP excitation on such structures may lead to either transmission maxima or minima is also presented.