Abstract
The background surface O3 concentrations and seasonal changes observed at the Zhongshan Station (69°22'2''S, 76°21'49''E; 18.5 m), east Antarctica from 2008 to 2013 are presented. Irrespective of wind direction, surface O3 concentrations distribute evenly after the removal of polluted air from station operations, accounting for 1.1% of the data. These O3 exhibit the expected lowest in summer, with a peak in winter. The daily range of average O3 in all four seasons is small. The monthly mean O3 is similar to that of other stations in Antarctica, with seasonal CO2 amplitudes in the order of 15 ppb to 35 ppb. Surface O3 significantly negatively correlated with UVB in the spring and autumn, with correlation coefficients of 0.50 and 0.57 under the 0.01 significance test. Furthermore, the surface O3 concentration during polar nights was 1 - 2 times higher than that during polar days. Thus, the chemical effect of the aurora lights was the dominant cause of ozone destruction, showing that surface O3 observed in Antarctica has a small interferences from human activities in the atmosphere as it moves from the north through the southern hemisphere.
Highlights
The troposphere ozone has two major sources: the photochemical production of the troposphere and transport of the stratosphere
Jones and Wolff [17] proposed that ozone hole in stratosphere in 1980s increased the NOx released by snows at boundary layer and surface ozone photochemical production in South Pole Station
The surface ozone observed at Zhongshan Station is only slightly affected by wind direction and speed
Summary
The troposphere ozone has two major sources: the photochemical production of the troposphere and transport of the stratosphere. The longest ozone observation data in Antarctic region is in South Pole station, and annual growth trend was 0.02 ± 0.09 ppbv. In Antarctic South Pole Station and Concordia Station, elight-denitrification of snows can influence ozone concentration in atmospheric boundary layer during spring and summer [13] [14]. Such denitrification could cause nitrate that has settled in snows to release NOx. In summer, strong solar radiation can convert NOx quickly through photochemical process. Jones and Wolff [17] proposed that ozone hole in stratosphere in 1980s increased the NOx released by snows at boundary layer and surface ozone photochemical production in South Pole Station. The minimum and the maximum temperature were −44 ̊C and 10 ̊C, respectively, at the station from 1989 to 2013
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