Abstract
The effect of thin (〈 160 nm) anodic oxide films on the mechanical behavior of single crystals of niobium was investigated. At 295 K, oxide films cause hardening. At lower temperatures, the oxide films reduce the critical resolved shear stress and cause serrated flow. When oxide-coated niobium is prestrained into stage I at 295 K, the flow stress at lower temperatures is further reduced, the ductility is increased, the serrations disappear, and three-stage work hardening is observed. A model involving preferential generation and motion of edge dislocations from the oxide-metal interface is used to explain the results. Supporting evidence obtained from slip trace analysis, transmission electron microscopy of dislocation substructures, and etch pitting of near-surface dislocations is presented.
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