Abstract

Several Rh(I) compounds used in homogeneous hydrogenation and isomerization catalysis and some of their heterogenized derivatives have been investigated by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. XPS measurements both on polymer-bound rhodium complexes and on mononuclear Rh(I) complexes with monomeric ligands taken as reference compounds and used as precursors in the preparation of heterogenized catalysts, as well as some other Rh complexes structurally similar to such precursors, show, from Rh 3 d spectra, the presence of several oxidation states of rhodium (i.e., +1 and higher), the higher oxidized being generally the major component in the surface layers. The extent of the oxidation phenomenon increased with time and was dependent on the structure and nature of ligands (e.g., RhCl(CO)(PPh 3) 2 being the most stable toward surface oxidation).

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