Abstract
The structure of surface oxide layers formed during annealing of non-oriented silicon-aluminum electrical steels has been studied. For alloys containing from 1.5 to 2.5 percent silicon, a transition from internal to external oxidation is observed as the oxygen potential of the annealing atmosphere is decreased at constant temperature or as the temperature is increased in a constant atmosphere. Surface oxide structure has a significant effect on the rate at which decarburization and nitrogen absorption occur during annealing, the formation of an external oxide scale inhibiting both of these processes. The presence of a subscale (zone of internal oxidation) in electrical steel sheet results in an increase in core loss in comparison with subscale free sheet.
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