Abstract
By tracing the ion density distribution in transverse phase space, planar channeling at small depth is investigated in detail. Damping of surface oscillations of nuclear encounter probability, as a consequence of motion of ions which do not reach equilibrium, is shown to be caused mainly by diffusion in transverse momentum. Depth evolution of phase space ion density is presented schematically and several quantities characterizing the equalization process are evaluated. The rate of approach to statistical equilibrium is obtained as a function of transverse energy. It is shown that well channeled tons which have oscillation amplitudes of about a quarter of the interplanar spacing are the hardest to reach equilibrium.
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