Abstract
Antimony islands of different shapes and dimensions were grown on highly orientedpyrolytic graphite (HOPG) at room temperature in ultrahigh vacuum. Three-dimensional(3D) spherical, 2D thin films and 1D nanorods of Sb on graphite were studiedusing in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy. Sb was evaporated in the form ofSb4, which interacts with HOPG weakly and exhibits a high surface mobility, resulting inpreferential nucleation of 3D spherical islands at defect sites. Surface diffusion andaggregation lead to the formation of nanoparticles with various shapes and sizes. The shapeand size of islands depend on growth parameters, i.e. flux and deposition time. The 3D and2D structures of Sb on graphite have the same bulk crystalline rhombohedral(α-Sb) structure, but the 1D nanorods show a highly compressed structure different from theα-Sb lattice.
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