Abstract
The surface morphological changes at the grain boundary (GB) is characterized by a surface flux discontinuity quantity M′ which is compounded by the capillarity-induced surface diffusion and the electromigration-induced surface and GB diffusion in polycrystalline films. The quantity M′ has to do with the surface diffusivity and the so-called threshold current density across the GB in connection with the pertinent physical parameters in the GB concerned. Qualitative plots of the GB profiles by treating M′ as a parameter show very good conformity with experimental observations. The circumstances surrounding the existence and nonexistence of the threshold current density in relation to the surface diffusivity variation across the GB and the mobile concentration gradient of the diffusion species in the GB are discussed for pure system and light alloy system. Their relation to the GB segregation and the second phase formation is pointed out.
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