Abstract
The sand-blasting and acid etching (SLA) method can fabricate a rough topography for mechanical fixation and long-term stability of titanium implant, but can not achieve early bone healing. This study used two kinds of plasma treatments (Direct-Current and Radio-Frequency plasma) to modify the SLA-treated surface. The modification of plasma treatments creates respective power range and different content functional OH groups. The results show that the plasma treatments do not change the micron scale topography, and plasma-treated specimens presented super hydrophilicity. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)-examined result showed that the functional OH content of the RF plasma-treated group was higher than the control (SLA) and DC treatment groups. The biological responses (protein adsorption, cell attachment, cell proliferation, and differentiation) promoted after plasma treatments, and the cell responses, have correlated to the total content of amphoteric OH groups. The experimental results indicated that plasma treatments can create functional OH groups on SLA-treated specimens, and the RF plasma-treated SLA implant thus has potential for achievement of bone healing in early stage of implantation.
Highlights
Titanium is widely used in orthopedics and dental implants because of its good properties, including excellent corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility [1,2]
The results indicated that hydrophilic surface was shown to greatly induce osteoblast cell differentiation
The results indicated that the functional OH group of oxide film would influence protein adsorption, cell morphology, cell adhesion strength, and cell proliferation
Summary
Titanium is widely used in orthopedics and dental implants because of its good properties, including excellent corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility [1,2]. Since a titanium surface is bioinert, the bone/implant interface does not initially bond well after implantation [3]. Many studies have attempted to apply surface treatment to the modify roughness, topography, and chemistry of titanium [4,5,6,7,8]. The sand-blasting and acid etching (SLA) method achieves micron and submicron scale topography for implant fixation. Previous clinical studies have reported the characteristics of SLA implants, which can restore bone defects after a healing period of. SLA treatment for bone fixation does not alter the surface composition of titanium, SLA-treated surfaces belong to hydrophobic properties.
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