Abstract
In recent years, atomic layer deposition (ALD) is widely used for surface modification of materials to improve the catalytic performance for removing pollutants, e.g., CO, hydrocarbons, heavy metal ions, and organic pollutants, and much progress has been achieved. In this review, we summarize the recent development of ALD applications in environmental remediation from the perspective of surface modification approaches, including conformal coating, uniform particle deposition, and area-selective deposition. Through the ALD conformal coating, the activity of photocatalysts improved. Uniform particle deposition is used to prepare nanostructured catalysts via ALD for removal of air pollutions and dyes. Area-selective deposition is adopted to cover the specific defects on the surface of materials and synthesize bimetallic catalysts to remove CO and other contaminations. In addition, the design strategy of catalysts and shortcomings of current studies are discussed in each section. At last, this review points out some potential research trends and comes up with a few routes to further improve the performance of catalysts via ALD surface modification and deeper investigate the ALD reaction mechanisms.
Highlights
Environmental pollution attracts increasing attention, and the removal of poisonous gases (e.g., CO and NOx ), heavy metal ions, and organic pollutants, in an efficient and fast way, has become an important issue [1,2]
TiO2 /V2 O5 catalyst via 10 cycles of Al2 O3 atomic layer deposition (ALD) in order to ensure the stability of soluble V2 O5 in the water, and the results showed that the photo activity of TiO2 /V2 O5 /Al2 O3 was high in the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) [31]
Uniform particle deposition is mainly applied to preparation of catalysts for removal of CO, hydrocarbons, and organic pollutants, and the high dispersion and uniform particle size of metal particles are helpful for the improvement of catalytic activity and metal utilization, but there is no report on the elimination of NOx and SO2, which are two major emissions released in the flue gas
Summary
Environmental pollution attracts increasing attention, and the removal of poisonous gases (e.g., CO and NOx ), heavy metal ions, and organic pollutants, in an efficient and fast way, has become an important issue [1,2]. We summarize the state-of-the-art progress of ALD in removing pollutants via particle surface deposition, and area-selective deposition, as shown in Conformal coating via is used to modification in recent years, and we classify these methods into conformal coating, uniform particle tailor the surface properties ofdeposition, catalysts, including hydrophilic/hydrophobic deposition, and area-selective as shownthe in redox. The film coating works as a protective to tailor the surface properties of catalysts, including the redox and hydrophilic/hydrophobic layer to enhance the thermal stability and photostability in some. CO, soot, and organic pollutants via catalytic oxidation, deposition with a uniform particle size, e.g., single atoms, clusters, and NPs, by ALD is adopted to design and synthesize rational metal-based catalysts for removing CO, soot, and organic pollutants via catalytic oxidation, combustion, and photodegradation, respectively.
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