Surface modification of aligned electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)-based scaffold for binding with fibronectin or collagen in vascular tissue engineering

Abstract

BackgroundVascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The combination of the natural polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with essential extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin (FN) or collagen (COL) using various methods (coating, grafting and air plasma) to create small-diameter vascular grafts holds significant promise in the field of vascular tissue engineering. MethodsThe final data from this study indicated that after conjugation, the films maintained a smooth surface area and preserved morphology. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were employed to assess the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and proliferation potential of cell lines treated with the synthesized films. The FN-binding PHBV and COL-binding PHBV films exhibited remarkable cell biocompatibility and cell proliferation rates. Furthermore, the treated cells exhibited specific gene expressions, including VEGFR-2, vWF, CD31, CD34, and CD133. Additionally, at specified time points, the cell retention rate and anti-coagulation ability of EPCs and HUVECs cultured on various PHBV films were tested, yielding successful outcomes. Significant findingsThe results suggested that FN-binding PHBV films represent an ideal bio-based polymer for applications in vascular tissue engineering.