Surface interactions determined by stereostructure on the example of 7-hydroxycholesterol epimers – The Langmuir monolayer study

Abstract

Stereoselective interactions are pivotal for molecular recognition between biomolecules and lipid surfaces. The aim of this study was to determine factors differencing molecular interactions between 7-hydroxycholesterol epimers (oxysterols, which excessively appear in pathological processes in human body) and natural membrane phospholipids. Two-component systems of different mutual proportions of 7-hydroxycholesterol (7α-hydroxycholesterol or 7-β-hydroxycholesterol, in short 7α-OH or 7β-OH) and membrane lipids (POPC, DPPC, DPPE, DPPS, SM) were systematically analyzed in artificial membranes modeled as Langmuir monolayers. Classical surface pressure measurements were complemented with direct visualization of films texture both in situ (with Brewster angle microscopy, BAM) and after their transfer onto solid supports (with Atomic Force Microscopy, AFM). Our results clearly show striking differences in surface properties of the studied binary mixtures, emphasizing distinct effects of both 7-hydroxycholesterol epimers on the organization of lipid layers. Systematic study allowed to conclude that the structure of polar head group and interfacial region of the molecule play important role in oxysterol-phospholipid interactions, while the hydrophobic region is significantly less important in this respect.