Surface-induced synthesis of hybrid N, P functionalized hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

The design and fabrication of two-dimension (2D) nanostructure carbon with desired lithium-ion storage properties is highly demanded for substitution graphite. Herein, the hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets with hybrid N, P functionalization (NPHC) via a layered magadiite surface-induced strategy are reported, followed by thermal annealing at high temperature. The negative silicon hydroxyls on the magadiite surface bond with aniline via an electrostatic force with phytic acid as molecular level dopant and surfactant, yielding hybrid homogenous N, P functionalization and ultrathin and porous geometry. When applied as an anode for Li-ion batteries, the obtained carbonsheets deliver a high discharge capacity of 763.4 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1, and superior rate capability of 146.6mA h g−1 at 8000 mA g−1. The impressive performance is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects from the hierarchical porous structure and homogenous N, P functionalization which increase the electrode-electrolyte contact area and active storage sites, further are beneficial for electrical double-layer or surface redox processes contributing to the overall charge storage.