Abstract
1. A new method of surface hardening of high-chromium stainless steels of type 70Kh29N8M2 is suggested; the method is based on the predominant separating out of σ-phase in the specially decarburized surface layer. Decarburization is attained by vacuum heat treatment of previously oxidized steel. Such treatment yields a nonferromagnetic hardened surface layer 0.8 mm thick with hardness better than HRC 50. 2. When the structure of the investigated austenitic steels contains a large amount of σ-phase, their wear resistance increases in friction with lubricant when paired with steel Kh12M, and also in friction against fixed abrasive. Under these conditions the wear resistance of hardened steel Kh29N8M2 is equal to that of steel 9Kh18. In dry friction, which entails adhesional interaction of the metal surfaces, precipitation of σ-phase does not ensure high resistance to wear, because of the great brittleness of this phase.
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