Abstract
This paper presents a conceptual and mathematical model for the surface tension of liquids in narrow capillaries isolated from a reservoir. A pure liquid is viewed as a two component system consisting of vacancies as well as the molecules of the liquid. Desorption of vacancies takes place at the solid-liquid interface. The attendent increase in vacancy concentration at the liquid-vapor interface results in a greater average intermolecular distance and higher attractive forces. The equation relating the change in surface tension at the liquid-vapor interface is, dγ dA SL = (F SV − F SL ) A LV . This relation is used to derive the Fisher equation for the strength of liquid bridges between two spheres without the use of the reduced pressure device. This approach considers the properties of a liquid in small capillaries as part of a composite system and the results support the work of Shereshefsky and Derjaguin who have observed the abnormal behavior of liquids in small capillaries.
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