Surface effects on vibration analysis of elastically restrained piezoelectric nanobeams subjected to magneto-thermo-electrical field embedded in elastic medium

Abstract

In the present study, a generalized nonlocal beam theory is utilized to study the magneto–thermo–mechanical vibration characteristic of piezoelectric nanobeam by considering surface effects rested in elastic medium for various elastic boundary conditions. The nonlocal elasticity of Eringen as well as surface effects, including surface elasticity, surface stress and surface density are implemented to inject size-dependent effects into equations. Using the Hamilton’s principle and Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, the governing differential equations and associated boundary conditions will be obtained. The differential transformation method (DTM) is used to discretize resultant motion equations and related boundary conditions accordingly. The natural frequencies are obtained for the various elastic boundary conditions in detail to show the significance of nonlocal parameter, external voltage, temperature change, surface effects, elastic medium, magnetic field and length of nanobeam. Moreover, it should be noted that by changing the spring stiffness at each end, the conventional boundary conditions will be obtained which are validated by well-known literature.