Abstract
Image interference effects near the are known to affect the coupling of energy from shallow sound sources into propagation channels. Since sound sources which contribute most to ambient noise in the ocean are located within the upper 20 m of the water column, surface is an important factor in noise modeling. The presentation deals with the sensitivity of the decoupling effect to frequency, range, sound depth, bottom loss, bottom slope, and water depth and concludes that significant regional changes can result. The implication of geographic changes in ambient noise are modelled by comparing two different noise regimes—one with predominantly close shipping in a bottom limited environment, the other having more distant shipping and a sound speed excess. Changes in received omnidirectional spectra are interpreted in terms at decoupling effects. [Work supported by Office of Naval Research (LRAPP program).]
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