Abstract
We conducted surface characterization to assess the biocompatibility and investigate the antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens in autopolymerizing acrylic resins, coated with light-curable coating resin, containing various concentrations of Reynoutria elliptica extract (0, 200, 400, and 600 µg/mL). The R. elliptica extract powder was prepared using a freeze-drying technique. Further, a goniometer and microhardness tester were used to determine the water contact angle, and Vickers hardness, respectively; color measurements were performed on the uncoated and coated acrylic resin disks. The polyphenol content of the extracts from the coated acrylic resin disk was analyzed using UV-VIS spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the coated acrylic resin disk against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans was observed for 24 and 48 h by measuring the optical density using spectrophotometry. In addition, biocompatibility was confirmed by testing the cell viability according to ISO 10993-5. The water contact angle, Vickers hardness, and color change values of the coated acrylic resin disks were not significantly different from the control. Polyphenol was detected in all experimental groups, with no significant differences between the experimental groups. The experimental groups exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and C. albicans compared to the control group, after 48 h of incubation. The cell viability between the control and experimental groups was not significantly different. The proposed coating resin containing R. elliptica extract is applicable on dental acrylic resins, due to their antimicrobial properties and excellent biocompatibility, with no deterioration of surface characteristics.
Highlights
Managing the hygiene of dentures or removable orthodontic appliances is a critical factor in maintaining the oral health of patients and achieving aesthetic goals [1,2]
There was no significant difference in the water contact angle, regardless of different R. elliptica extract concentration in the coating resin for the experimental group (p > 0.05)
The R. elliptica extract had no significant effect on the surface contact angles
Summary
Managing the hygiene of dentures or removable orthodontic appliances is a critical factor in maintaining the oral health of patients and achieving aesthetic goals [1,2]. The main component of dentures and orthodontic appliances such as retainers is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based acrylic resin, used in the majority of removable dental prosthetic devices, due to its ease of processing, molding, and favorable physicochemical properties [3,4,5]. Patients who use dentures or removable orthodontic retainers often have poor oral hygiene and high infection rates of pathogenic microorganisms due to improper management of the acrylic resin based prosthetic devices [6,7,8,9,10]. Streptococcus mutans metabolizes acids by attaching to the surface of the tooth in the oral cavity. Candida albicans adheres to the surface of the denture or to the oral mucosa, causing diseases, such as denture stomatitis [13,14]
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