Abstract
Eleven different chars prepared from four polymer precursors viz. polyfurfuryl alcohol (PF), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and urea formaldehyde resin (UF) have been studied for their surface complexes by evacuating to 1200°C in steps. The amount of oxygen and hydrogen associated with different chars depend upon the nature of the polymer used and the history of their carbonization. The associated oxygen and hydrogen constitute different types of surface compounds which involve different bonds at different sites asociated with varying energy levels. The total oxygen evolved as CO 2, CO and H 2O corresponds to the value obtained by ultimate analysis while the total hydrogen evolved as water vapor and free hydrogen is ~ 25–30% less compared to ultimate analysis. In PVDC and PVC chars oxygen evolved as CO 2 constitutes ~ 60% of total oxygen but for PF and UF chars oxygen associated as CO forms the major part of total oxygen contents.
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