Surface Acidity of Solid Catalysts

Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the solid oxides that are now used or that could be of potential use as acidic catalysts for hydrocarbon reactions in which the key steps involve transformations of carbon skeletons. The chapter reviews representative methods for measuring surface acidity of solid catalysts. Recommendations will then be made of the most appropriate methods from the standpoint of the needs of the investigator. The final section is devoted to updating research activities dealing with individual solid catalysts. Particular attention will be devoted to studies of acidities of unusually active catalysts such as crystalline zeolites, synthetic clays, and chlorinated aluminas. The chapter defines the type of acidity that should be measured. There are two classes of acids on surfaces of metal oxides: Lewis acids and Bronsted acids.