Supramolecular Complex Formed by Fumaric Acid and Piperazine: Crystal Structure, and Synthon Cooperation

Abstract

A new molecular complex constructed by fumaric acid with piperazine has been prepared and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The number of fumaric acid involved in the complex equals to the number of N-protonated binding sites in the piperazine molecule. The structure contained infinite 1D supramolecular chains held together by robust, primary O–H•••O charge-assisted hydrogen bonds, and the 2D sheet like pattern constructed via the expected carboxyl-piperazine heterosynthon. Persistent N–H•••O interactions were found to play an important role in the formation of the final 3D arrays. The five dominant supramolecular synthons in the crystal structure are the heteromeric carboxylic acid•••piperazine hydrogen bond interactions, which prevail in the presence of widely differing chemical functionalities. Thermal stability of the compound has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of mass loss.