Suppression of Bacterial Blight on Mustard Greens with Host Plant Resistance and Acibenzolar-S-Methyl.

Abstract

Bacterial blight, caused by Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis, attacks the leaves of most brassica vegetables, including mustard greens (Brassica juncea). 'Carolina Broadleaf,' a new mustard cultivar, is resistant to bacterial blight, whereas 'Florida Broadleaf,' a commonly grown cultivar, is susceptible. Acibenzolar-S-methyl (trade name Actigard) has been used to manage bacterial diseases caused by P. syringae on a variety of crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate host plant resistance and acibenzolar-S-methyl alone and in combination to manage bacterial blight. Three field experiments were done in spring and fall 2011 and fall 2014. In each experiment, acibenzolar-S-methyl was applied twice as a foliar spray, once before and once after plants were inoculated. Severity of bacterial blight was 81% less on nontreated Carolina Broadleaf than on nontreated Florida Broadleaf (P ≤ 0.0003). Acibenzolar-S-methyl applications reduced severity of bacterial blight by 55% compared with the water control treatment on susceptible Florida Broadleaf. Mean weight of diseased leaves, averaged across acibenzolar-S-methyl treatments, was 53% less with Carolina Broadleaf than with Florida Broadleaf (P < 0.0001). However, acibenzolar-S-methyl applied at the recommended rate (14.2 g/ha) significantly injured leaves of Carolina Broadleaf in two experiments and injured leaves of Florida Broadleaf in one experiment. Overall, host plant resistance was more effective than acibenzolar-S-methyl for managing bacterial blight on mustard greens.