Abstract
Energy infrastructure in large, multi-site organisations such as municipal authorities, is often heterogeneous in terms of factors such as age and complexity of the technology deployed. Responsibility for day-to-day operation and maintenance of this infrastructure is typically dispersed across large numbers of individuals and impacts on even larger numbers of building users. Yet, the diverse population of stakeholders with an interest in the operation and development of this dynamic infrastructure typically have little or no visibility of energy and water usage. This paper explores the integration of utility metering data into urban management processes via the deployment of an accessible “smart meter” monitoring system. The system is deployed in three public authorities and the impact of the system is investigated based on the triangulation of evidence from semi-structured interviews and case studies. The research is framed from three perspectives: the bottom-up micro-level (individual and local), the top-down macro-level (organisation-wide and strategic) and intermediate meso-level (community-focused and operation). Evidence shows that improved communication across these levels enables a decentralisation and joining-up of energy management. Evidence points to the importance of reducing the cognitive load associated with monitoring systems. Better access to information supports more local autonomy, easier communication and cooperation between stakeholders and fosters the conditions necessary for adaptive practices to emerge.
Highlights
A large proportion of the world’s population has moved to urban areas in the last 100 years and this trend continues
This paper describes an application of the “internet of things” (IoT) in an “Urban analytics” [4]
The aim of this paper is to explore two research questions: (1) how can utility data be integrated into urban management processes through the deployment of smart meter monitoring systems? and (2)
Summary
A large proportion of the world’s population has moved to urban areas in the last 100 years and this trend continues. It is predicted that urban residents will reach around 6 billion by 2045, requiring basic services, such as energy, infrastructure, decent and affordable housing, etc. Despite cities only covering around 3% of the total world’s area, they have a significant effect on climate change being responsible for two thirds of the global energy consumption and more than. 70% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [1]. The term ‘smart city’ emerged last decade as a utopian vision of urban integration and efficiency that can eventually result in GHG emissions reductions [2]. Energies 2020, 13, 5398 could deliver approximately 12 GtCO2 e of emissions savings by 2030 as a result of smart logistics, grids and buildings [3].
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