Abstract
The generation of liquid effluents containing organic and inorganic residues from industries present a potential hazardousness for environment and human health, being mandatory the elimination of these pollutants from the respective solutions containing them. In order to achieve this goal, several techniques are being used and among them, supported liquid membranes technologies are showing their potential for their application in the removal of metals contained in liquid effluents. Supported liquid membranes are a combination between conventional polymeric membranes and solvent extraction. Several configurations are used: flat-sheet supported liquid membranes, spiral wounds and hollow fiber modules. In order to improve their effectiveness, smart operations have been developed: non-dispersive solvent extraction, non-dispersive solvent extraction with strip phase dispersion and hollow fiber renewal liquid membrane. This paper overviewed some of these supported liquid membranes technologies and their applications to the treatment of metal-bearing liquid effluents.
Highlights
Chemical and metallurgical industries are the main producers of metal-bearing liquid effluents, that due to the toxic character of many of the metals contained in them, need be treated before final discharge
The organic phase is formed by an organic diluent, which is non-miscible in water, and dissolved the carrier which is the active substance in the metal transport process
The results revealed that ionophores R, R and R are better carriers for K+ while R and R are better carriers for Ca2+
Summary
Chemical and metallurgical industries are the main producers of metal-bearing liquid effluents, that due to the toxic character of many of the metals contained in them, need be treated before final discharge. Several drawbacks of the often known as classical removal or separation technologies reduced the grade of effectiveness in the elimination of metals, principally when the aqueous solution is complex in its composition or when the metal is presented in the liquid solution at very low concentrations. SupporTed lIquId MeMbrANeS TeChNoloGIeS IN MeTAlS reMovAl FroM lIquId eFFlueNTS TeCNoloGíAS de MeMbrANAS líquIdAS SoporTAdAS eN lA elIMINACIóN de MeTAleS de eFlueNTeS líquIdoS treatment of liquid effluents, in order to increase selectivity and effectiveness of decontamination. The use of liquid membranes has gained a general interest in the treatment of effluents where solute concentrations are low and large volume solutions must be processed, and if possible, without generating any secondary waste. The present paper reviewes recent advances in supported liquid membranes technologies and some of their application in the treatment of metal-bearing liquid effluents
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