Support, coercion, and delinquency: testing aspects of an emerging theory

Abstract

This research tests aspects of differential social support and coercion theory of crime as proposed by Colvin, Cullen and Vander Ven (2002). The theory argues social interactions, either coercive or supportive, figure into development of self-control, delinquent behavior, and mental health. Coercive interactions involve force, direct and indirect intimidation and violence that compel compliance out of fear or anxiety. Coercive interactions can be employed consistently or erratically and individuals that are disciplined in an erratic manner will tend to develop strong anger directed toward others, low self-control, and weak alienated social bonds. These individuals are likely to become chronic offenders. Individuals that receive consistent coercion develop strong self-directed anger, high-externalized self-control, and weak social bonds. These individuals will have minimal legal difficulties, but are likely to have persistent mental health problems Social supports can also be erratic or consistent in nature. According to the theory, erratic social supports will generally result in low-self control, moderate anger, and intermediate social bonds. These individuals may engage in criminal behavior depending on the access to illegitimate social supports offered by criminals. Individuals that receive consistent support will have low anger, high-internalized self-control, and strong social bonds. These individuals are likely to display few criminal behaviors and possess high levels of pro-social behaviors (Colvin, Cullen and Vander Ven, 2002). Data are drawn from the 1995 National Survey of Adolescents (NSA), to examine the connection between support and coercion on delinquent behavior. Results indicate support for the theory among NSA participants as evidenced by Logistic Regression Analysis and we discus broader implications of the theory for criminal justice responses to juvenile offending.