Abstract
In Chiapas highlands to southeast of Mexico, the scarcity of water is worrying, according to technical reports of the IPCC the runoff will less between 150 to 250 mm per year in the southeast of Mexico, this situation will increase the problems of water availability in Chiapas highlands in the future. For actually more of 18,160 small rural indigenous communities (SRIC) in Chiapas there is not drinking water. In order to contribute a given solution to scarcity of drinking water in the SRIC, The Autonomous University of Chiapas (UNACH in its Spanish acronym) and Mexican Institute of Water Technology (IMTA in its Spanish acronym) designed and constructed in 1999 the Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) in Yalentay municipality of Zinacantan in Chiapas, Mexico. The scientific and technical contributions of RWH are: The design guarantee the water quality for a prolonged time of storage avoiding the photosynthesis inside the system; Not emitted greenhouse gasses because it doesn’t need any kind of fossil fuels; Not produces anything kind of damage to the environment; It has to be inexpensive, using in its construction manpower and materials from de region; Store the maximum quantity of water in the minimum space. The RWH has increased the standard of living of the habitants from Yalentay and improving their health conditions.
Highlights
The scientific and technical contributions of Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) are: The design guarantee the water quality for a prolonged time of storage avoiding the photosynthesis inside the system; Not emitted greenhouse gasses because it doesn’t need any kind of fossil fuels; Not produces anything kind of damage to the environment; It has to be inexpensive, using in its construction manpower and materials from de region; Store the maximum quantity of water in the minimum space
In 1995 it was calculated that the 803 municipalities with more than 70% of indigenous population, the 44% was debated in life conditions catalogued as highly marginalized [1] [2]
Mundo-Molina 1046 dignifying the indigenous society trough the public services that every Mexican citizen has the right to enjoy. Under this context trough the IMTA and the Food Agricultural Organization (FAO) in 1995 a technical committee was organized, who traveled to Chiapas in order to analyze the problems in the indigenous communities in relation to the supply of drinking water
Summary
The water supply for domestic uses and human consume with quality (basic right of every person) is still a utopia in thousands of rural indigenous communities in Mexico They are living in extreme poor conditions. Mundo-Molina 1046 dignifying the indigenous society trough the public services that every Mexican citizen has the right to enjoy Under this context trough the IMTA and the Food Agricultural Organization (FAO) in 1995 a technical committee was organized, who traveled to Chiapas in order to analyze the problems in the indigenous communities in relation to the supply of drinking water. In these search and based on the Manual for the selection of alternative technologies in hydraulic that the IMTA published in 1997 it was designed the RWH that is presented in this paper, that under a tripartite agreement between IMTA, the International Agency Spanish Cooperation and the Faculty of Engineering of the Autonomous University of Chiapas
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