Supplements to correct oxalate-induced negative calcium and phosphorus balances in horses fed tropical grass hays

Abstract

SUMMARYA series of experiments investigated mineral supplements for the correction of negative calcium and phosphorus balances in horses fed tropical grass hays containing more than 0·5% total oxalate.A daily supplement of a soluble calcium source was retained with an efficiency of 60% implying no interference with calcium absorption from supplements by oxalate or other factors in the hays.The palatability of limestone, rock phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, a limestone and dicalcium phosphate mixture and mono-ammonium phosphate was tested with a view to providing a supplement once weekly. With the exception of the latter, all were consumed readily when mixed with 50–60 % molasses (w/w) and hourly intakes of 200 g calcium and 50 g phosphorus were recorded.In balance trials using horses fed tropical grass hays, 1 kg of either rock phosphate, or a mixture of limestone and dicalcium phosphate (1:2, w/w), each mixed with 1·5 kg molasses, was fed on the 8th day of a 14-day balance trial. The retention of calcium from the supplements ranged from 19 to 41% and that of phosphorus from 22 to 42%. The passage time for unabsorbed minerals was about 4 days. This amount of supplementation can accommodate calcium and phosphorus losses of at least 20 and 10 mg/kg live weight/day respectively. A supplement of 1 kg limestone overcame a negative calcium balance of 20 mg/kg live weight/day but did not overcome a negative phosphorus balance.