Abstract
<p>Fish oil-derived fatty acid ethyl ester (EE) has been widely utilized as a supplement in Europe and United States. However, few studies have assessed the apparent absorption of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) between non-purified DHA-EE (L-DHAEE) and highly purified DHA-EE (H-DHAEE). This study evaluated the effects of L-DHAEE and H-DHAEE on lipid metabolism and apparent absorption of DHA in rats. Groups of male Wistar rats were fed AIN93G diet containing 2.8% L-DHAEE or 1.0% H-DHAEE for 4 or 8 weeks. As parameters of lipid metabolism and apparent absorption of DHA-EE, serum and liver lipid contents, fecal EE excretion, lipid-metabolizing enzyme activities, and organ fatty acid composition were measured. The L-DHAEE diet increased fecal DHA-EE and total EE excretion compared with the H-DHAEE diet. In rats fed DHA-EE for 4 weeks, H-DHAEE was more efficacious than L-DHAEE at increasing liver DHA content, partly owing to the enhancement of apparent absorption. In addition, rats fed the H-DHAEE diet had higher fatty acid ?-oxidation activity in peroxisomes than rats fed the L-DHAEE diet for 8 weeks. These results suggest that H-DHAEE supplementation may have beneficial functions in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as compared with L-DHAEE supplementation.</p>
Highlights
MaterialsL-DHAEE, highly purified DHA-EE (H-DHAEE), and soybean oil were supplied as a commercial product from Bizen Chemical Co., Ltd. (Okayama, Japan)
Introduction n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), contained in fish oil have health-promoting effects, including anti-thrombotic, anti-atherogenic, and www.ccsenet.org/jfrJournal of Food ResearchVol 2, No 5; 2013 anti-hyperlipidemia effects (Hosomi et al, 2012)
This study evaluated the effects of L-DHAEE and highly purified DHA-EE (H-DHAEE) on lipid metabolism and apparent absorption of DHA in rats
Summary
L-DHAEE, H-DHAEE, and soybean oil were supplied as a commercial product from Bizen Chemical Co., Ltd. (Okayama, Japan). L-DHAEE, H-DHAEE, and soybean oil were supplied as a commercial product from Bizen Chemical Co., Ltd. EE purified forms of L-DHAEE and H-DHAEE were greater than 99% pure. Cornstarch, dextrinized cornstarch, cellulose, sucrose, AIN-93 vitamin mixture, AIN-93G mineral mixture, and casein were purchased from Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd. L-cystine, acetyl-CoA, palmitoyl-CoA, glucose-6-phosphate, malonyl-CoA, L-carnitine, L-malic acid, flavin adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. All other chemicals were obtained from commercial sources and were of reagent grade
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