Supplemental observations on the morphology of Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) hilarii (Nematoda: Camallanidae) parasitizing two species of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) and ecological analyses

Abstract

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) hilarii parasitizes several fish species but only few studies on morphology and ecology have been published. In this study we describe the morphology of P. (S.) hilarii parasitizing Astyanax aff. fasciatus and Astyanax jacuhiensis, and compare ecological parameters of their populations. Seventy A. aff. fasciatus and 60 A. jacuhiensis individuals were captured in Lake Guaiba, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, between March 2012 and December 2013. The specimens of P. (S.) hilarii presented an oval oral opening with 6 cuticular elevations and 2 groups of papillae (one internal and one external) in the anterior region of the body. Males have 8 pairs of sessile caudal papillae (4 pre-cloacal and 4 post-cloacal), spicules with distal bifurcation and lack caudal alae. The prevalence of P. (S.) hilarii was higher in A. aff. fasciatus (69%) than in A. jacuhiensis (18%), whereas there was no difference in mean intensity (respectively, 2 and 5) and mean abundance (respectively, 1.6 and 0.9) of infection between the 2 host species. We suggest that the consumption of copepods, intermediate hosts of P. (S.) hilarii, may explain this difference.