Abstract
Purpose: Psychological counseling, supervision, peer supervision, and consultation in the online setting have become widespread. This study aimed to examine the experiences and opinions of psychological counselors regarding online supervision and peer supervision. Research Methods: This qualitative study included six psychological counselors as participants. The data of the study were collected using semi-structured individual interviews and a focus group interview. Written documents and transcriptions of voice recordings were analyzed based on thematic analysis. Findings: The results of the study related to the supervision experiences of psychological counselors yielded the following themes: role of the supervisor, supervision process, feedback from the supervisor, and the number of psychological counselors and clients. Similarly, themes related to experiences of psychological counselors in peer supervision were as follows: effects of the peers, professional development, and negative perceptions about peer supervision. The opinions of psychological counselors regarding online supervision and peer supervision yielded two themes: the strengths and the drawbacks of the online environment. Implications for Research and Practice: Online supervision can be useful for psychological counselors. However, it is crucial for future studies to investigate the experiences of psychological counselors with diverse characteristics to gain a deeper understanding. Mixed-method studies related to online supervision and peer supervision are recommended for more detailed information. Moreover, online supervision can be provided for psychological counselors-in-training and for professionals aiming to pursue career development.
Highlights
Psychological counseling, supervision, peer supervision, and consultation provided in the online environment have become widespread recently
Psychological counselors reported that different roles of supervisors contributed to their professional development, that group supervision had both advantages and disadvantages, and that the number of clients and the number of psychological counselors participated in the discussions affected the efficiency of supervision
Psychological counselors reported that peers helped each other during peer supervision, and this process contributed to their professional development
Summary
Psychological counseling, supervision, peer supervision, and consultation provided in the online environment have become widespread recently. Psychological counselors are using online tools in order to provide clients the suitable resources, information, and immediate help services in case of emergencies. Supervision and peer supervision can be conducted through online tools. Supervision supports the professional development of psychological counselors and contributes to the well-being of clients (Bernard & Goodyear, 2004). The main purposes of supervision are to encourage the professional development of psychological counselors (Cashwell & Dooley, 2001; Falender et al, 2004), increase their self-confidence, and provide psychological counselors and psychological counselors-in-training with some information and feedback about how to act creatively and flexibly while they work with their clients. Receiving supervision was found to be associated with improved professional development and increased selfconfidence (Cashwell & Dooley, 2001; Pamukcu, 2011; Wheeler & Richards, 2007)
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