Abstract

We consider 4-dimensional N = 1 supersymmetric SO ( 10 ) models inspired by deconstruction of 5-dimensional N = 1 supersymmetric orbifold SO ( 10 ) models and high-dimensional non-supersymmetric SO ( 10 ) models with Wilson line gauge symmetry breaking. We discuss the SO ( 10 ) × SO ( 10 ) models with bi-fundamental link fields where the gauge symmetry can be broken down to the Pati–Salam, SU ( 5 ) × U ( 1 ) , flipped SU ( 5 ) × U ( 1 ) ′ or the Standard Model like gauge symmetry. We also propose an SO ( 10 ) × SO ( 6 ) × SO ( 4 ) model with bi-fundamental link fields where the gauge symmetry is broken down to the Pati–Salam gauge symmetry, and an SO ( 10 ) × SO ( 10 ) model with bi-spinor link fields where the gauge symmetry is broken down to the flipped SU ( 5 ) × U ( 1 ) ′ gauge symmetry. In these two models, the Pati–Salam and flipped SU ( 5 ) × U ( 1 ) ′ gauge symmetry can be further broken down to the Standard Model gauge symmetry, the doublet–triplet splittings can be obtained by the missing partner mechanism, and the proton decay problem can be solved. We also study the gauge coupling unification. We briefly comment on the interesting variation models with gauge groups SO ( 10 ) × SO ( 6 ) and SO ( 10 ) × flipped SU ( 5 ) × U ( 1 ) ′ in which the proton decay problem can be solved.

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