Abstract
Unravelling superradiance, also known as superfluorescence, relies on an ensemble of phase-matched dipole oscillators and the suppression of inhomogeneous broadening. Here we report a superradiance platform that combines an optical lattice free from the ac Stark shift and a hollow-core photonic crystal fibre, enabling an extended atom-light interaction over 2 mm free from the Doppler effect. This system allows control of the atom spatial distribution and spectral homogeneity whilst efficiently coupling the radiation field to an optical fibre. The experimentally-observed and theoretically-corroborated temporal, spectral and spatial dynamic behaviours of the superradiance, e.g., superradiance ringing and density-dependent frequency shift, demonstrate a unique interplay between the trapped atoms and the fibre-guided field with multiple transverse modes. Our theory indicates that the resulting temporal evolution of the guided light shows a minimal beam radius of 3.1 µm which is three times smaller than that of the lowest-loss fibre mode.
Highlights
Unravelling superradiance, known as superfluorescence, relies on an ensemble of phasematched dipole oscillators and the suppression of inhomogeneous broadening
The chief challenge in unravelling the SR dynamics is to find the best trade-off between maximising the number of phaselocked emitters coupled to the common radiation field and preserving the inter-emitter phase correlation
When ultracold atoms are confined in an optical lattice tuned to the magic wavelength, the optical excitation of atomic transition is free from the Doppler shift and free from the lattice-field-induced ac Stark shift[22], offering an ideal platform for investigating SR based on well-isolated atomic systems
Summary
Unravelling superradiance, known as superfluorescence, relies on an ensemble of phasematched dipole oscillators and the suppression of inhomogeneous broadening. We report a superradiance platform that combines an optical lattice free from the ac Stark shift and a hollow-core photonic crystal fibre, enabling an extended atom-light interaction over 2 mm free from the Doppler effect. This system allows control of the atom spatial distribution and spectral homogeneity whilst efficiently coupling the radiation field to an optical fibre.
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