Abstract
Abstract The magnetic properties of nanoparticles are reviewed with special emphasis on magnetic relaxation phenomena. After an introduction to superparamagnetic relaxation phenomena, we give a brief introduction to synthesis of nanoparticles and how they can be characterized by standard techniques such as X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and other techniques. We then describe how one can study magnetic relaxation phenomena in noninteracting nanoparticles by different experimental techniques such as DC and AC magnetization measurements, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and neutron scattering. Subsequently, the influence of interparticle interactions on the relaxation is discussed, and it is shown that both magnetic dipole and exchange interactions between nanoparticles can have a significant influence on the relaxation phenomena. Finally, we discuss the magnetic structure in nanoparticles and how spin canting and transverse relaxation can influence the magnetic properties of nanoparticles.
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