Superoperator analysis of entanglement in a four-qubit cluster state

Abstract

In this paper we utilize superoperator formalism to explore the entanglement evolution of four-qubit cluster states in a number of decohering environments. A four-qubit cluster state is a resource for the performance of an arbitrary single-logical-qubit rotation via measurement-based cluster-state quantum computation. We are specifically interested in the relationship between entanglement evolution and the fidelity with which the arbitrary single-logical-qubit rotation can be implemented in the presence of decoherence as this will have important experimental ramifications. We also note the exhibition of entanglement sudden death (ESD) and ask how severely its onset affects the utilization of the cluster state as a means of implementing an arbitrary single-logical-qubit rotation.