Abstract
Ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti for improved mechanical performance as well as its surface modification enhancing biofunctions has attracted much attention in medical industries. Most of the studies on the surface etching of metallic biomaterials have focused on surface topography and wettability but not crystallographic orientation, i.e., texture, which influences the chemical as well as the physical properties. In this paper, the influences of texture and grain size on roughness, wettability, and pre-osteoblast cell response were investigated in vitro after HF etching treatment. The surface characteristics and cell behaviors of ultrafine, fine, and coarse-grained Ti were examined after the HF etching. The surface roughness during the etching treatment was significantly increased as the orientation angle from the basal pole was increased. The cell adhesion tendency of the rough surface was promoted. The UFG Ti substrate exhibited a higher texture energy state, rougher surface, enhanced hydrophilic wettability, and better cell adhesion and proliferation behaviors after etching than those of the coarse- and fine-grained Ti substrates. These results provide a new route for enhancing both mechanical and biological performances using etching after grain refinement of Ti.
Highlights
The mechanical properties, in particular, the long-term loading strength, of pure Ti are not as good as the above mentioned commercial alloys
The high-pressure torsion (HPT)-processed Ti has an improved ultimate tensile strength (UTS) value and sufficient total elongation compared with the Ti-6Al-4V5,28
The coarse-grained substrate, which had an orientation relatively far from the basal pole, had a rougher surface, enhanced wettability, and better cell response than that of the fine-grained substrate despite their large grain size and insignificant grain boundaries volume in this study. These results show that the roughness, wettability, and cell response are strongly influenced by the orientation of the substrates as well as the grain size after the etching treatment
Summary
The mechanical properties, in particular, the long-term loading strength, of pure Ti are not as good as the above mentioned commercial alloys. Recent studies have reported that UFG Ti enhances the response between cells and the substrate surface. UFG Ti promotes osteoblast differentiation and increases bone integration effectively[20] due to the effects of the formation of nano-defects, surface energy, wettability, and the oxide layer of the UFG pure Ti. Surface treatments, e.g., cleaning, etching, or coating, of medical parts are preferably performed in medical industries to improve the insufficient bioactivity of metallic biomaterials. Most of the research on the cell response of UFG Ti for biomaterials have focused on roughness, wettability, and the oxide layer of the surface rather than on the surface energy, in particular, related to the crystallographic orientation, i.e., the texture[24]. We examined the relationship between orientation, roughness, wettability, and cell behavior for coarse-, fine-, and ultrafine-grained pure Ti after hydrofluoric etching treatment
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
