Abstract
Enterobacteria are superinfecting microorganisms, and their presence in the oral cavity is associated with increased mortality rates due to virulence factors. The objective of the study was to report a case of oral infection by enterobacteria. A 29-year-old man diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia and under the PETHEMA protocol required dental evaluation during a chemotherapy regimen. On dental physical examination, extraoral swelling was noted in the right hemiface, associated with a painful, purple-colored lesion in the marginal gingiva of tooth 48. Computed tomography did not show any alteration that could corroborate the diagnosis. Cultures from an oral swab were obtained from the injured region, and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i> sp. were detected. Mouthwash with 3% hydrogen peroxide was indicated to control the oral microbiota, associated with intravenous antibiotic therapy with meropenem, polymyxin, B, and tigecycline. Complete remission of the oral lesion was observed after 10 days of treatment.
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