Abstract
Bamboo, a fast-growing plant from Asia, is used as building material with unique properties, while exhibiting fast degradation due to its hydrophobicity. Therefore, many attempts have been implemented using several technologies for bamboo modification to alter the hydrophobicity. Most previous studies producing superhydrophobic properties are conducted by using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as a precursor agent. However, this method, using TEOS with harmful properties and unaffordable compounds, requires many steps to accomplish the experimental method. Therefore, this paper employed geothermal solid waste as a silica source of the precursor. Thus, an effective and efficient method was applied to prepare superhydrophobic coating by using a precursor of geothermal silica and further modification using hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). The research was executed by the full factorial statistical method using two numerical variables (HMDS/TMCS concentration and silica concentration) and one categorical variable (solvent types). The uncoated material revealed higher weight gain in mass and moisture content than that of the coated bamboo after the soil burial test to assess the durability of the bamboo. However, the durability of superhydrophobic coating realized hydrophobic performance for both agents during sand abrasion for a total of 120 s at an angle of 45°. Statistical results showed the optimum contact angle (CA) achieved in superhydrophobic performance with lower silica concentration for HMDS concentration and the appropriate solvent of n-hexane for HMDS and iso-octane for TMCS. All results were supported using many instruments of analysis to confirm the step-by-step alteration of geothermal silica to be used as a superhydrophobic coating, such as XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and SEM EDX.
Highlights
High humidity in most tropical countries causes the degrading of biomaterials by means of the decline in the nature and function of materials
This paper investigates the preparation of a superhydrophobic layer using geothermal solid waste as a precursor of sodium silicate with the addition hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) through a single stage mixing process by means of a spray coating method
The experiment result consisted of runs which was processed with the Expert 8.0.6 software for data processing, statistical approaches, and the optimiz full factorial method consisting of two numerical variables
Summary
High humidity in most tropical countries causes the degrading of biomaterials by means of the decline in the nature and function of materials. Hydrophobic coating research has converted to the use of non-fluoro compounds that are less toxic like hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS), hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and octadecyltriklorosilane (ODTCS) and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) [9]. The potential source of raw material refers to geothermal silica to replace water glass and TEOS as a source of silica in the superhydrophobic coating in this study. Silica obtained from geothermal scaling waste is very potential to be used as raw material for superhydrophobic coating to replace TEOS. This paper investigates the preparation of a superhydrophobic layer using geothermal solid waste as a precursor of sodium silicate with the addition hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) through a single stage mixing process by means of a spray coating method. Testing of the durability of the superhydrophobic coating was conducted using the sand abrasion test [14]
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