Abstract
This paper is a further development of the approach in quantum statistical mechanics proposed by the author. The hierarchy of equations for reduced density matrices obtained previously is extended to the case corresponding to the Bose condensation. The relevant state of the system with a condensate can be superfluid as well as nonsuperfluid. Special attention is given to the thermodynamics of superfluid systems. According to the results of the paper superfluidity is the state of a fluid whose symmetry is spontaneously broken because of a stationary flow. The state corresponds to thermodynamic equilibrium while the magnitude of the flow depends upon the temperature and is determined by thermodynamic considerations. The physical origin of superfluidity, peculiarities of the phenomenon in closed volumes and the critical velocity are discussed as well.
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