Abstract
This chapter discusses the supercritical fluid extraction of high volatile bituminous coals from the SAAR region. Extract yield and composition varied strongly depending on process parameters, such as solvent, temperature, and pressure, each affected fluid density and coal porosity. Organic geochemical parameters, based on biomarker yields, are used in the evaluation of rank, facies, or depositional conditions that are significantly influenced by the extraction parameters. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using binary solvent mixtures and high pressures improves the release of coal molecular components and gives more reliable information about the free and trapped bitumen of bituminous coals. SFE of bituminous coals yield high amounts of extracts, especially if toluene or its mixture with methanol is used.
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