Abstract
Turmeric, the dry rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa L., is widely valued for its colouring, flavoring, and biological properties that have been mainly attributed to curcuminoids (e.g., curcumin), a group of secondary metabolites. These compounds can be recovered using various extraction techniques, including supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) extraction and subcritical water extraction (SWE), that are in line with the ‘Green Chemistry’ principles.The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of CO2 flow rate, pressure, and two pre-treatment techniques on curcuminoids extraction from turmeric powder using SC-CO2 extraction. In addition, SWE was employed for the recovery of remained compounds from the turmeric powder left after SC-CO2 extraction. The obtained extracts were analysed with HPLC for the quantitative determination of curcumin. Based on the results, SC-CO2 extraction conditions affected the extraction yield, with the combination of the highest pressure and lowest flow rate resulting in the highest yield. Both pre-treatment methods were also found to increase the extraction yield, whereas Soxhlet extraction was not as efficient as SC-CO2 extraction. In terms of SWE, the highest extraction temperature (210 °C) resulted in the highest extraction yield (61.9 %). However, no curcumin was detected in this sample, indicating the negative effect of temperature on curcumin extraction and the thermal degradation of the latter.
Published Version
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