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Abstract
Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO2) was used to extract oil from Elaeagnus mollis Diels (E. mollis Diels) seed and its antioxidant ability was also investigated. The effect of extraction pressure (20–35 MPa), extraction temperature (35–65 °C), extraction time (90–180 min) and seed particle size (40–100 mesh) on the oil yield were studied. An orthogonal experiment was conducted to determine the best operating conditions for the maximum extraction oil yield. Based on the optimum conditions, the maximum yield reached 29.35% at 30 MPa, 50 °C, 150 min, 80 mesh seed particle size and 40 g/min SF-CO2 flow rate. The E. mollis Diels seed (EDS) oil obtained under optimal SF-CO2 extraction conditions had higher unsaturated fatty acid content (91.89%), higher vitamin E content (96.24 ± 3.01 mg/100 g) and higher total phytosterols content (364.34 ± 4.86 mg/100 g) than that extracted by Soxhlet extraction (SE) and cold pressing (CP) methods. The antioxidant activity of the EDS oil was measured by DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging test. EDS oil extracted by different methods exhibited a dose-dependent antioxidant ability, with IC50 values of no significant differences. Based on the results of correlation between bioactive compounds, lupeol and γ-tocopherol was the most important antioxidant in EDS oil.
Highlights
IntroductionOils are an essential part of the human daily diet and play an important role in human health
Oils are an essential part of the human daily diet and play an important role in human health.There are a variety of beneficial components in vegetable oils such as unsaturated fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins, squalene and phytosterols, which cannot be produced by the human body
The effects of four SF-CO2 extraction parameters, namely extraction pressure (A), temperature (B), time (C) and particle size (D) on the oil yield were investigated by single factor experiment method
Summary
Oils are an essential part of the human daily diet and play an important role in human health. There are a variety of beneficial components in vegetable oils such as unsaturated fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins, squalene and phytosterols, which cannot be produced by the human body. In order to meet the human nutrition demands, many plant seeds have been investigated as sources of vitamins and essential fatty acids [1]. Diels is regarded as an important economic plant because its seeds contain a large percentage of oil and protein [3]. Previous studies have indicated that E. mollis Diels seed (EDS) is a good edible oil resource with high vitamin E levels and antioxidant activities [4]. Many attempts have been made to investigate the health benefits of EDS oil such as hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity. No reports were found in the literature on the oil content and the composition of EDS extracted by supercritical CO2 fluid (SF-CO2 )
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