Abstract
Extracts from Baccharis dracunculifolia leaves were obtained using the following solvents: supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2), ethanol and methanol. Supercritical extraction was carried out at temperatures of 40, 50 and 60 °C and pressures of 20, 30 and 40 MPa. Four phenolic compounds were analysed in the extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography: 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (DHCA or artepillin C); 3-prenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (PHCA); 4-hydroxycinnamic acid ( p-coumaric acid) and 4-methoxy-3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone (kaempferide). The global extraction yields ( X 0) obtained by the conventional methods with ethanol and methanol were higher than those obtained by SC-CO 2. However on analysing the components of interest extracted at 60 °C and 40 MPa, the extraction yields of kaempferide, DHCA and PHCA were 156%, 98% and 64% higher, respectively, than in the ethanolic extracts. Only the p-coumaric acid extraction yield was better when extracted using the conventional method.
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