Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of α-mangostin from mangosteen pericarp with virgin coconut oil as co-extractant and in-vitro bio-accessibility measurement

Abstract

Abstract This work aims to develop a method for producing α-mangostin that has high bio-accessibility through the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction of mangosteen pericarp extract (MPE) with virgin coconut oil (VCO) as co-extractant. Extractions with scCO2 were carried out at 30 MPa to 40 MPa, 60 °C, CO2 flow rate of 1.7 g/min and co-extractant VCO (0% to 20%). MPE yield and extraction yield increased with the amount of co-extractant added. The highest yield of MPE obtained was 17% at conditions of 35 MPa with 20% of VCO. The scCO2 MPE had higher bio-accessibility for α-mangostin (91%) than α-mangostin obtained by extraction with ethanol (30%) or hexane (50%). Thus, supercritical CO2 extraction used with virgin coconut oil co-extractant provides a method for producing high bio-accessible α-mangostin from mangosteen pericarp extract.